Welcome to the Biomass conversion technologies database which you can access underneath!
Through the underneath table users can access the database on lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies characteristics (click on the number in last column). The data included in this database are feeding the Bio2Match, the BeWhere and the LocaGIStics tools all accessible via the main menu in this toolset under 'Tools'. accessible under the ‘Tool' tab in the main menu above. In the process of creating the database it was ensured to take up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product market combinations in WP7 and that were the basis for assessing 2020 and 2030 biomass demand and consumption levels (see Tab 'General data' ---> 'Biomass demand'. For heat, power and fuels, several technologies are available in the database, while for other bio-based products (especially through the sugar platform) some but fewer conversion technologies are included. This is a representation of the technology readiness levels and the current and expected market situation for these products.
In the underneath table an overview is provided of all technologies included in the conversion technologies database. To access the detailed technology characterisation sheets in de database click on the technology number in the last column of the table. To return to the overview table again click on the return arrow.
The technologies covered can be classified in 6 main categories: treatment in subcritical water, syngas platform, gasification technologies, fast pyrolysis, direct combustion of solid biomass, chemical pretreatment, biochemical hydrolisis and fermentation and anearobic digestion. For a further description of the biomass conversion technologies database please consult D2.3. The method developed in S2BIOM for minimal biomass quality requirement for each biomass conversion technology is described in D2.1 and D2.2.
Conversion technologies
View details of Complete mix digester state of the art 2014
| Name | Complete mix digester state of the art 2014 |
| Main category | Anaerobic digestion |
| Subcategory | Complete mix digester |
| Image url | http://jurnalpedia.com/biogas-digester/ |
| Year of first implementation | 1980 |
| Estimated number of systems in operation | 10000 |
| Main operating principle: |
| two reactors of > 5000 m3 filled with a fluid substrate, 15 to 30 day residence time, Typically <15% DM. Biogas is formed bij anearobic process, Biogas is collected at to of reactor and typiically used for electricity generation oin a CHP unit. heat is used to heat reactors and sometime for local heating puposes. S in biogas has to be removed. |
| Level of commercial application | Commercial large scale, |
| Important pilots and EU projects | To develop innovations (see next) |
| Expected Developments | Larger systems, Biogas use for LNG, CNG, pretreament of biomass to increase yield (enzyles, extrusion, etc), also use of lignocellulosic biomass possible, Themophyle AD, separate acidification reactor, |
| Current Technology Readiness Level | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment |
| Expected Technology Readiness Level in 2030 | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment |
| Justify expected Level in 2030 | Systems commercial and further innovation |
| References: |
| Common knowledge - see: ECN. 2013. "Conceptadvies basisbedragen SDE+ 2014 voor marktconsultatie" |
TECHNICAL PROPERTIES
| Power | (MWe) 2 |
| Conversion efficiencies: net returns electricity(GJ/GJ biomass input) | typical: 0.35 | min: 0.0 | max: 0.4 | typical in 2020: | typical in 2030: |
| Heat | (MWth) 3.5 |
| Conversion efficiencies: net returns heat(GJ/GJ biomass input) | typical: 0.6 | min: 0 | max: 0.9 | typical in 2020: | typical in 2030: |
| Biogas | (m3/hour) 505 LHV (GJ / m3) 23 |
| Conversion efficiencies: net returns biofuels and biobased products(GJ/GJ biomass input) | typical: 0.35 | min: | max: 25 | typical in 2020: | typical in 2030: |
| Methane | (m3/hour) 278 LHV (GJ / m3) 23 |
| Conversion efficiencies: net returns biofuels and biobased products(GJ/GJ biomass input) | typical: 0.35 | min: | max: | typical in 2020: | typical in 2030: |
| Data sources used to define conversion efficiencies in 2014: |
| ECN. 2013. "Conceptadvies basisbedragen SDE+ 2014 voor marktconsultatie" |
| Power | (kW): 0 |
| Heat (useful, not process steam) | (kW): 0 |
| Indication: experience based data | Yes |
| Number of possible full load hours per year (hours) | 8000 |
| Number of typical full load hours per year (hours) | 7000 |
| Typical Lifetime of Equipment (years) | 15 |
| Data sources used to define conversion efficiencies in 2020: |
| Extrapolation. Problem is that conversion efficiencies can not be defined here properly. For lignocellulose part of biomass extra conversion is possible by pre-treatment. |
| Data sources used to define conversion efficiencies in 2030: |
| Extrapolation. See for 2020 |
| General data sources for technical properties: |
| ECN 2013. |
BIOMASS INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
| Biomass input, common for the technology used: | Cereals straw, Straw/stubbles; Maize stover, Straw/stubbles; Sugarbeet leaves, Straw/stubbles; Separately collected biowaste: Biodegradable waste of separately collected municipal waste (excluding textile and paper), Biodegradable municipal waste; Unused grassland cuttings (abandoned grassland, managed grasslands not used for feed) , Grassland; |
| Biomass input, technically possible but not common: | Miscanthus (Perennial grass), Energy grasses, annual & perennial crops; Switchgrass (Perennial grass), Energy grasses, annual & perennial crops; Cardoon (Perennial crop), Energy grasses, annual & perennial crops; Giant reed (Perennial grass), Energy grasses, annual & perennial crops; Reed Canary Grass (Perennial grass), Energy grasses, annual & perennial crops; |
| Grassy biomass from road side verges, Biomass from road side verges; |
| Traded form | Chopped straw or energy grass |
| Dimensions | length (mm) |
| Moisture content | (% wet basis) typical 85 | max 95 |
| Minimal bulk density | (kg/m3, wet basis) 100 |
| Maximum ash content | (% dry basis) |
| Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) | (°C) |
| Volatile matter (only for thermally trated material, torrefied or steam explosed) | (VM%) |
| Maximum allowable contents |
| Nitrogen, N (wt%, dry) | Sulphur, S (wt%, dry) | Chlorine, Cl (wt%, dry) |
| Optional attributes |
| Net caloric value | (MJ/kg) min | max |
| Gross caloric value | (MJ/kg) min | max |
| Biogas yield | (m3 gas/ton dry biomass) 100 | % methane 55 |
| Cellulose content | (g/kg dry matter) min 0 | max 100 |
| Hemicellulose content | (g/kg dry matter) min 0 | max 100 |
| Lignin content | (g/kg dry matter) min | max |
| Crude fibre content | (g/kg dry matter) min 0 | max 100 |
| Starch content | (g/kg dry matter) min 0 | max 100 |
| Sugar content | (g/kg dry matter) min 0 | max 100 |
| Fat content | (g/kg dry matter) min 0 | max 100 |
| Protein content | (g/kg dry matter) min | max |
| Acetyl group content | (g/kg dry matter) min | max |
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROPERTIES
| Investments costs | in 2014 (€): 3400000 | expected in 2020 (€): | expected in 2030 (€): |
| Labour needed | Operators (FTE): 1 | Staff and engineering (FTE): 1 |
| Edited by: Wolter Elbersen, Rik te Raa, Tijs Lammens |