Direct combustion of solid biomass | Waste incinerators with energy recovery | Grate fired waste incinerator | Power (10 MWe), Heat (25 MWth) | Hazardous post consumer wood, Non hazardous post consumer wood, Biowaste as part of integrally collected municipal waste: Biodegradable waste of not separately collected municipal waste (excluding textile and paper) | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 32 |
Direct combustion of solid biomass | Direct co-combustion in coal fired power plants | Co-firing in PC | Power (500 MWe) | Sawdust from sawmills from nonconifers, Sawdust from sawmills from conifers, Stemwood from final fellings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from final fellings originating from conifer trees | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 31 |
Direct combustion of solid biomass | Fixed bed combustion for CHP (steam cycle) | Grate boiler with wood chips for CHP | Power (5 MWe), Heat (10 MWth) | Logging residues from final fellings originating from nonconifer trees, Logging residues from final fellings originating from conifer trees, Non hazardous post consumer wood, Residues from further woodprocessing, Bark residues from pulp and paper industry | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 30 |
Direct combustion of solid biomass | Fixed bed combustion for heat | Grate boiler with wood chips for heat | Heat (15 MWth) | Logging residues from final fellings originating from nonconifer trees, Logging residues from final fellings originating from conifer trees, Non hazardous post consumer wood, Residues from further woodprocessing, Bark residues from pulp and paper industry | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 29 |
Treatment in subcritical water | Aqueous Phase Reforming | Aqueous Phase Reforming | Gasoline (5.4 liter/hour) | Stemwood from thinnings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from conifer trees | Level 5, Laboratory testing integrated system | 27 |
Fast pyrolysis | Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam | Fast pyrolysis of residues | Power (0.1 MWe), Heat (3.4 MWth), Pyrolysis oil (2.7125 m3/hour) | Cereals straw, Sunflower straw, Logging residues from final fellings originating from nonconifer trees, Logging residues from final fellings originating from conifer trees | Level 7, Integrated pilot system demonstrated | 24 |
Fast pyrolysis | Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam | Fast pyrolysis of clean wood | Power (0.33 MWe), Heat (3.2 MWth), Pyrolysis oil (2.667 m3/hour) | Residues from further woodprocessing, Stemwood from thinnings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from conifer trees | Level 8, System integrated in commercial design | 23 |
Torrefaction | Moving bed reactor | Torrefaction and pelletisation (TOP) | Torrefied biomass (10.7 m3/hour) | Stemwood from thinnings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from conifer trees | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 18 |
Techniques from pulp and paper industry | Prehydrolysis Kraft process in water phase | Prehydrolysis kraft | Power (76 MWe), Pulp (75 tonnes/hour), Hemicellulose (0 tonnes/hour), Tall oil (3 tonnes/hour), Turpentine (0.4 tonnes/hour) | Stemwood from final fellings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from final fellings originating from conifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from conifer trees | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 17 |
Techniques from pulp and paper industry | Kraft process with LignoBoost process | Kraft process with Lignoboost | Power (28.7 MWe), Lignin (10.1 tonnes/hour), Pulp (75 tonnes/hour), Tall oil (3.3 tonnes/hour), Turpentine (0.4 tonnes/hour) | Stemwood from final fellings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from final fellings originating from conifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from nonconifer trees, Stemwood from thinnings originating from conifer trees | Level 9, System ready for full scale deployment | 16 |
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